HomeSelected technical resources

A foundation in published engineering work.

Explore selected papers and patents covering electrostatic precipitation, flue gas conditioning and advanced collection concepts.

Technical papers

Use these resources as background for a defined engineering question. Older papers reflect the scope and operating conditions described by their authors.

U.S. Patents

Patent links are provided for technical reference. Ownership, status and commercial rights should be checked separately before reliance.

Additional publications

Contact Dr. Krigmont for a current CV or publications relevant to your application.

Detailed technical material

Latest conference paper · 2026

Henry V. Krigmont (ALENTEC) and James J. Ferrigan (Fuel Tech, Inc.). Numerical Engineering Evaluation of ESP Modernization Strategies. Presented at the 18th International Conference on Electrostatic Precipitation (ICESP 2026), Taipei, Taiwan, November 3, 2026. Conference dates: November 2–5, 2026.

A numerical engineering approach to comparing ESP modernization alternatives using calibrated NEP modeling.

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Source: ALENTEC archive.

Source of the publication and conference references: ALENTEC archive.

References and Publications

Research & Development

Patents
  1. Wet electrostatic precipitator and related methods, US Pat. 9,821,320
  2. Wet electrostatic precipitator and related methods, US Pat. 8,790,444
  3. ​Hybrid Wet Electrostatic Precipitator. US Pat. № 7,597,750. October 6, 2009
  4. Space Efficient Hybrid Collector. US Pat. № 7,582,145. September 1, 2009
  5. Space Efficient Hybrid Air Purifier. US Pat. № 7,582,144. September 1, 2009
  6. Multi-stage collector for multi-pollutant control. US Pat. № 7,559,976 July 14, 2009
  7. Multi-Stage Collector and Method of Operation. US Pat. № 6,932,857 August 23, 2005
  8. Multi-Stage Particulate Matter Collector. US Pat. № 6,524,369, February 25, 2003
  9. Hot-side electrostatic precipitator US Pat. № 5,300,270  April 5, 1994
  10. Measurement of Electrical Resistivity of Particulate Entrained in a Gas System. US Pat. № 5,008,628  April 16, 1991
Publications
  1. Henry V. Krigmont Control of Ultra-Fine Particulate Accepted for a Presentation at the XII Conference on Electrostatic Precipitation (ICESP) Nuremberg, Germany, May 9-13, 2011
  2. Henry V. Krigmont (Allied Environmental Technologies, Inc.), Larry J. Muzio & Randall A. Smith (FERCO) A New Multi-Stage Collector (MSC™) Concep. Presented at the Power Plant Air Pollution Control “MEGA” Symposium Baltimore, MD. August 28-31, 2006
  3. Henry V. Krigmont (Allied Environmental Technologies, Inc.), Larry J. Muzio & Randall A. Smith (FERCO) Multi-Stage Collector (MSC™) Proof-of-Concept Pilot Design and Evaluation Presented at the X ICESP International Conference on Electrostatic Precipitation Cairnes, Australia, June 25-29, 2006
  4. Henry V. Krigmont (Allied Environmental Technologies, Inc.), Larry J. Muzio & Randall A. Smith (FERCO) Multi-Stage Collector (MSC™) Proof-of-Concept Pilot Evaluation. To be Presented at ICESP IX International Conference on Electrostatic Precipitation. Pretoria, So. Africa; May 17-21, 2004
  5. Henry V. Krigmont Multi-Stage Collector (MSC™) Development 20th Annual International Coal Conference The Westin – Convention Center in Downtown Pittsburgh, PA. September 15-19, 2003
  6. Henry V. Krigmont Multi-Stage Collector (MSC™) Design and Applications ASME International Joint Power Generation Conference (IJPGC) Atlanta, Georgia. June 16-19, 2003
  7. Henry V. Krigmont Multi-Stage Collector (MSC™) Development DOE/EPA/A&WMAS Combined Power Plant Air Pollutant Control MEGA Symposium Washington D.C., May 19-22, 2003​

Electrostatic Precipitation

Patents

Electrostatic precipitator. US Pat. № 5,547,493 Augus20, 1996

Publications
  1. T. L. Lumley (OPG), M. D. Voisine (Neil & Gunter), and H V. Krigmont (Allied Environmental Technologies, Inc.) “Ontario Power Generation Nanticoke Generation Station Precipitator Improvement Project.” Presented at POWER-GEN International, December 11-13, 2007 Ernest N. Memorial Convention Center, New Orleans, LA
  2. R. Gebert, D. Davis, C. Rinschler (W.L. Gore & Associates); S. Miller, M. Jones, M. Collins (EERC); W. Swanson (Otter Tail Power); H. Krigmont (Allied Environmental Technologies, Inc.) “Advanced Hybrid Particulate Collector: Concept, Field Results, and Commercialization Potential” Presented at the Air Quality II Conference McLean, Virginia, September 19-21, 2000
  3. S. Miller, M. Jones (EERC); K. Walker, R. Gebert, J. Darrow (W.L. Gore); H. Krigmont (Allied Environmental Technologies, Inc.), T. Feeley (US DOE) “Field Testing of the Advanced Hybrid Particulate Collector, a New Concept for Fine-Particulate Control” Presented at 2000 ACS Symposium San Francisco, CA March 26-31, 2000 
  4. Edited by Ken R. Parker, H. V. Krigmont contributed three chapters “Applied Electrostatic Precipitation,” Chapman & Hall, London UK. Published in January 1997
  5. S. Miller, M. Jones (EERC); K. Walker, R. Gebert, J. Darrow (W.L. Gore); H. Krigmont (Allied Environmental Technologies, Inc.), T. Feeley (US DOE) “An Update of the Advanced Hybrid Particulate Collector, a New Concept for Fine-Particulate Control” Presented at Sixteenth Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference Pittsburgh, October 11-15, 1999
  6. S. Miller, G. Schelkoph, G. Dunham (EERC); H. Krigmont (Allied Environmental Technologies, Inc.); K.Walker (W.L. Gore) “Advanced Hybrid Particulate Collector, a New Concept for Fine-Particulate Control” Presented at PARTEC 98, International Congress for Particulate Technology. 4th European Symposium Separation of Particles from Gases. Nürnberg, Germany. March 10-12, 1998
  7. S. Miller, G. Schelkoph, G. Dunham (EERC); H. Krigmont (Allied Environmental Technologies, Inc.); K. Walker (W.L. Gore) “Advanced Hybrid Particulate Collector, a New Concept for Fine-Particulate Control” Presented at EPRI-DOE-DOE Combined utility Air Pollutant Control Mega Symposium Washington, D.C. August 25-29, 1997
  8. S. Miller, G. Schelkoph, G. Dunham (EERC);  K. Walker (W. L. Gore); H. Krigmont (Allied Environmental Technologies, Inc.) “Advanced Hybrid Particulate Collector, a New Concept for Fine-Particulate Control”   1997
  9. D. McLaud, H. V. Krigmont, et. al. “Methodology and Experience for the Electrostatic Precipitators Upgrading.” Presented at the Annual Meeting of Air Pollution Control Association Detroit, Michigan, 1985
  10. H. V. Krigmont “Theory and Considerations in the Sizing and selection of Electrostatic Precipitators.” Presented at Seminar on Particulate Control Equipment, Joy Manufacturing Corporation  Los Angeles, California, 1984
  11. H. V. Krigmont  “Developments in the Computer Application for the Air Pollution Control Equipment Selection and Sizing and Correlation of the Field and Theoretical Data.” Presented at Seminar on Particulate Control Equipment, Joy Manufacturing Corporation  Los Angeles, California, 1984.
  12. H. V. Krigmont et al. “Laboratory and Full-Scale Characteristics of ESP with Rigid Mast Electrodes.”  Presented at Fifth Symposium on the Transfer and Utilization of Particulate Control Technology Kansas City, Kansas, 1984.
  13. Y. Chen, H. V. Krigmont, M. Quach,   “Electrostatic Precipitators in Dry FGD Applications.”  Presented at Second International Conference on Electrostatic Precipitation Japan, 1984.
  14. R. J. Triscori, H. V. Krigmont, H. W. Spencer III, Y. Chen, “Current Status of ESP on Dry FGD Systems.”    
  15. R. J. Triscori, H. W. Spencer, Y. Chen, H. V. Krigmont, and J. Meyler
  16. “The Precipitator as an Option for Dry FGD.”  Presented at Conference on Electrostatic Precipitator Technology for Coal-Fired Power Plants Nashville, Tennessee, 1982.
  17. R. J. Triscori, H. W. Spencer, Y. Chen, H. V. Krigmont, and J. Meyler  “ESP as a Back-end Cleaning Equipment for Dry FGD.” Presented at Dry FGD Utility Seminar Minneapolis, Minnesota, 1982.

Flue Gas Conditioning

Patents
  1. Flue Gas Conditioning System Controller. US Pat. 11,406,933
  2. System and Method for Flue Gas Conditioning, US Pat. 8,449,653
  3. Flue Gas Conditioning . US Pat. 5,582,802  November 12, 1996
  4. Catalytic SO3 Flue Gas Conditioning. US Pat.  5,320,052  June 16, 1994
  5. Heat Transfer Plate Packs and Baskets, and their Utilization in Heat Recovery Devices. US Pat. 5,318,102  June 7, 1994
  6. Control System for Flue Gas Conditioning. US Pat. 5,122,162  June 16, 1992
  7. Reduction of Acidic Emissions from Combustion of Sulphur-Laden Fuels. US Pat. 5,024,171 June 18, 1991 
  8. Control of Addition of Conditioning Agents to Flue Gas. US Pat. 5,029,535  July 9, 1991
  9.  Removal of Particulate Matter from Combustion Gas Streams US Pat. 4,987,839  January 29, 1991
  10. Conditioning of Gas Streams Containing Particulate  US Pat. 4,966,610  October 30, 1990
Publications
  1. H. V. Krigmont and J.J. Ferrigan Dual FGC – Process, Technology, and Experience. Presented at ICESP XV. October 11, 2018
  2. H. V. Krigmont  Indigenous Flue Gas Conditioning (iCONTM) Accepted for a presentation at the Fifth International Clean Coal Technologies Conference (CCT2011) May 2011 Zaragoza, Spain
  3. T. L. Lumley (OPG), M. D. Voisine (Neil & Gunter), and H V. Krigmont (Allied Environmental Technologies, Inc.) “Ontario Power Generation Nanticoke Generation Station Precipitator Improvement Project.” Presented at POWER-GEN International, December 11-13, 2007 Ernest N. Memorial Convention Center, New Orleans, LA
  4. H. V. Krigmont   “Ammonia Conditioning,”    (Requires ACROBAT Reader)    a White Paper.
  5. Edited by Ken R. Parker, H. V. Krigmont contributed three chapters  “Applied Electrostatic Precipitation,” Chapman & Hall, London UK. Published in January 1997
  6. B. J. Southam, H. V. Krigmont, E. L. Coe, Jr. “Flue Gas Conditioning for High ESP Collecting Efficiency.”  Presented at World Congress III on Engineering and the Environment Beijing, China, 1993.
  7. J. J. Ferrigan, F. E. Spokoyny and H. V. Krigmont “A Novel Approach to Flue Gas Conditioning.” Presented at the EPRI/DOE International Conference on Managing Hazardous and Particulate Air Pollutants.
  8. H. V. Krigmont, M.T. Quach “Progress in Flue Gas Conditioning” Presented at the ICAC meeting Washington DC, 1994.
  9. H. V. Krigmont, E. L. Coe, Jr. “Flue Gas Conditioning Today.”   Published in “Power” Magazine August, 1992.
  10. H. V. Krigmont, et al. “Advancements in the Application of Flue Gas Conditioning.”  Presented at the American Power Conference Chicago, Illinois, 1992.
  11. H. V. Krigmont “Flue Gas Conditioning (FGC) Manual” A Manual and Guide to understanding flue gas conditioning and learning its operation, processes and optimization Santa Ana, California, 1991.
  12. R. E. Johnson, H. V. Krigmont “SO3 Flue Gas Conditioning and NOx Reduction Systems Optimization: Coal Switching Experiences in the California Desert.”  Presented at ASME Power Division Conference San Diego, California, 1991.
  13. H. V. Krigmont, E. L. Coe, Jr., S. J. Miller, D. L. Laudal “FGC Conditioning For Baghouses” Presented at CSIRO Coal & Technologies Jamberoo, Australia, 1991.
  14. E. L. Coe, Jr., H. V. Krigmont, B. J. Southam,  “Progress in Flue Gas Conditioning” Presented at CSIRO Coal & Technologies  Jamberoo, Australia, 1991.
  15. H. V. Krigmont, E. L. Coe, Jr. “Dual Flue Gas Conditioning”  Presented at the EPRI 9th Particulate Control Symposium Williamsburg, Virginia, 1991.
  16. H. V. Krigmont, J. J. Ferrigan “Clean Coal & Technologies in Conjunction with Flue Gas Conditioning Alternatives to Flue Gas Desulfurization.”  Presented at the meeting of American Association for Aerosol Research Traverse City, Michigan, 1991.
  17. H. V. Krigmont, J. J. Ferrigan, E. L. Coe, Jr. “Dual Flue Gas Conditioning.”  Presented at the IGCI Forum Washington, D.C., 1991.
  18. J. J. Ferrigan, H. V. Krigmont, E. L. Coe, Jr. “Dual FGC Rx for Older ESP’s.”  Presented at the ASME International Joint Power Conference Boston, Massachusetts, 1990.
  19. H. V. Krigmont, E. L. Coe, Jr. “Experience in Conditioning Electrostatic Precipitators.”  Presented at the 4th International Conference on Electrostatic Precipitation Beijing, China, 1990.
  20. J. J. Ferrigan, H. V. Krigmont “Clean Coal Technologies in Conjunction with FGC: Alternative to FGD.”  Clean Coal Technologies Conference Washington D. C., 1990.
  21. J. J. Ferrigan, H. V. Krigmont, E. L. Coe, Jr. “Experience with Dual FGC of ESP’s”  Presented at the Eighth EPA/EPRI Symposium on Transfer Technology San Diego, California, 1990.
  22. J. A. Arnott, V. Kovac, H. V. Krigmont, E. L. Coe, Jr. “Ontario Hydro’s Evaluation of FGC for ESP Performance Enhancement.”  Presented at the Gen-Upgrade International Symposium Washington, D.C., 1990.
  23. J. A. Arnott, H. V. Krigmont, E. L. Coe, Jr. “Preliminary Test Results for ESP Performance with Furnace Sorbent.”
  24. E. L. Coe, Jr, H. V. Krigmont, H. V.  “Injection Rates for SO3 Flue Gas Conditioning.”  Presented at the Third CSIRO Conference on Gas Cleaning Sydney, Australia, 1988.
  25. M. Linsberg, J. J. Ferrigan, H. V. Krigmont “Evaluation of an SO3 Flue Gas Conditioning Program for Precipitator Enhancement at the J. J. Stuart Station.”  Presented at the Joint Power Generation Conference Miami, Florida, 1987.
  26. E. L. Coe, Jr., H. V. Krigmont “Prediction of SO3 Injection Rates for Dust Conditioning Systems.”  Presented at the Third International Conference on Electrostatic Precipitation Paduva, Italy, 1987.
  27. E. L. Coe, Jr., H. V. Krigmont “Experience in Conditioning Electrostatic Precipitators in the United States.”  Presented at the Joint Power Generation Conference Portland, Oregon, 1986.
  28. E. L. Coe, Jr., H. V. Krigmont “Application of Flue Gas Conditioning in Converting Hot-Side Precipitators to Cold-Side Operation.”

NOx Control

Patents
  1. Temperature-stabilized heat exchanger. US Pat. No. 5,323,842  June 28, 1994
  2. Control of NOx Reduction in Flue Gas Flows. US Pat. No. 5,233,934  August 10, 1993
  3. Method and Apparatus for Reducing NOx Emissions. US Pat. No. 5,237,939 August 24, 1993
Publications
  1. R.E. Johnson, et al. “SNCR & SCR Hybrid Installation Experience on Four Gas- & Coal-Fired.”    
  2. H. V. Krigmont, et al. “SNCR Retrofit Experience on Four Gas- & Coal-Fired Boilers in Tchaikovsky, Russia.”   Presented at the Joint EPA/EPRI Mega Symposium Washington, D.C., 1997.
  3. H. V. Krigmont, R. E. Johnson, B. J. Williams, L.J. Czarnecki “Full Scale Demonstration of Wahlco Staged NOx Reduction System.”  Presented at the Joint ASME/IEEE Power Generation Conference Kansas City, Kansas, 1993.
  4. H. V. Krigmont, P. L. Chien, B. J. Williams, L.J. Czarnecki “Full Scale Demonstration of Wahlco Staged NOx Reduction System.”  Presented at World Congress III on Engineering and the Environment Beijing, China, 1993.
  5. H. V. Krigmont, R. E. Johnson, B. J. Williams, L.J. Czarnecki “Evaluation of a Full Scale Hybrid NOx Control System at San Diego Gas and Electric’s Encina Power Plant.”  Presented at EPRI-EPA Joint Symposium on Stationary Combustion NOx Control Miami, Florida, 1993.
  6. H. V. Krigmont, P. L. Chien, J. H. Nylander, L.J. Czarnecki “Evaluation of a Full Scale Hybrid NOx Control System at San Diego Gas and Electric’s Encina Power Plant.”  Presented at Air and Waste Management Association Annual Meeting Denver, Colorado, 1993.

Flue Gas Desulfurization

Patents
  1. ​Flue Gas Desulfphurization. US Patent No. 4,571,330 February 18, 1986
Publications
  1. M. S. Fitzpatric, S. M. Kaplan, H. V. Krigmont, G. W. Tracy, and S. R. Wilson “Flue Gas Desulphurization: Design and Start-up Experience.”  Presented at the meeting of the Canadian Electrical Association Spring, 1984.
  2. M. S. Fitzpatric, S. M. Kaplan, H. V. Krigmont, G. W. Tracy, and S. R. Wilson “Operating and Performance Results of Dry Scrubbing Systems.”  Presented at Pacific Coast Electric Association’s E&O Conference San Francisco, California, 1984.

Technical reading

Source: ALENTEC archive.

Dual FGC: Process, Technology and ExperiencePDF →ESP Evaluation and Computer Modeling BasicsPDF →ESP FundamentalsPDF →Ammonia Flue Gas ConditioningPDF →Multi-Stage Collector Pilot PerformancePDF →Notes on Intermittent and Pulse EnergizationPDF →
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